Does Violence On Television Really Impact Children

Does violence on television really impact children? A lot of media claim TV violence does by correlating it with aggression, which is why there are many advertised parental locks, mostly by television cable companies. Parents cannot always be there whenever children witness something violent on television. Thus, we studied how often violent acts actually appeared on two types of television shows children may possibly watch. In our study, we chose to watch an adult drama, The Walking Dead, which airs on the television network KCOP, on Wednesdays at 8:00 PM and 9:00 PM, and follows a group of survivors during the age of the zombie apocalypse. The second show we chose was a children’s cartoon, the Powerpuff Girls, which airs on the television network Boomerang, on weekdays at 12:00 PM and 12:30 PM, and features 3 girls with supernatural powers who are always called up by the mayor to defend the town. Goals of this study include quantifying instances of violence in these selected shows and comparing types of violence that occur in both types of shows based on how graphically detailed the violence acts were, if the perpetrators were successful, and how diverse the perpetrators and victims were. Before comparing the two television shows, I defined six different types of violence. First, verbal violence includes any use of hurtful language toward others or self like insults. Next, physical violence features hurting others or self with your own body such as hitting someoneShow MoreRelated Television Violence Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesTelevision Violence On April 20, 1999, a tragic event took place in an environment where children should feel safe. At Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, twelve students and one teacher were tragically gunned down by two boys, one seventeen years old, and one eighteen years old. Recently in Michigan, a first grader brought a gun to school and shot and killed a fellow classmate. These tragedies can be seen as a result of many different factors, such as violence in the home, accessRead MoreEssay Negative Effects of Television on Children1562 Words   |  7 PagesTelevision is a big part of today’s society. Everybody watches television, including the children. There is a potential problem with letting children watch television. Ask this question, would someone let their own child watch some of the programming that they watch, too? Some of these programs are intended for the adult generation, not young children. Violence has a major role in television these days. Letting children watch this violence could corrupt their minds and eventually lead to bad behaviorRead Moreâ€Å"There is increasing evidence that early exposure to media violence is a contributing factor to the1000 Words   |  4 Pagesthat early exposure to media violence is a contributing factor to the development of aggression† (Huesmann, Moise-Titus, Podolski, Eron, 2003). Huesma nn and Kirwil (2007, p. 545), argue that an individual’s aggression and violent behaviour are not only caused by emotional, mental and physical circumstances but also the environment plays an equally vital role. They further on state that hastening violent behaviour in the short-term sense is due to disclosure to violence, which can be either throughRead MoreThe Effects of Violence in the Media944 Words   |  4 PagesViolence in the media started as early when Plato was around Complaints about violence in the media being harmful appear all through history. Even Plato was worried about the effects on children. The study of violence in the media reviews the amount of correlation between the themes of violence in our media sources with real-world damage and violence over time. A lot of this research has been deprived from the social learning theory concluded by Albert Bandura. The media effects thoughts in modernRead MoreMedia Violence And Violent Video Games807 Words   |  4 PagesMedia violence has been tremendously growing and attaining the hazardous extents. Two-thirds of TV shows contain some kind of violence. Most self-involving video games contain some violent matter in it. For example, if you manufacture guns, you do not need to give any advertisement, because it is done by the amusement industry. Aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence, hallucinations, and fear of being mishandled were caused by the media violence, was explained in a 2009 Policy StatementRead MoreEffects Of Media Violence On Society888 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Media on Society Media violence has numerous negative consequences on youth today to commit criminal acts in the society. Violence in the media will never be stopped as long as the society spends more time on violent movies and video games. Media violence has been tremendously growing and attaining the hazardous extents. Around 60 % of TV shows contain some kind of violence. Most self-involving video games contain some violent matter in it. For example, if you manufacture guns, you doRead More Negative Effects of Television Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesNegative Effects of Television I hear the door slam abruptly and a thud from something hitting the ground. It’s about 3:15, so my sister should be home. I bring her backpack into the living room as I see her fixated on the television. I tell her to put it away and she says ok, whatever. She gets to her room and not two seconds later does her TV click on in her room. I ask her if she wants to play catch, â€Å"No that’s alright.† She always loved to play catch, what about some basketball I ask herRead MoreEssay on cartoon violence779 Words   |  4 Pages Animation Violence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Children from the ages 6-11 spend more time watching television than they do in the classroom. The â€Å"renaissance of TV animation† has undoubtedly led to more violent cartoons then ever before. But to talk about cartoon violence, it must first be defined. Webster’s Dictionary defines violence â€Å"as the act (or threat) of injuring or killing someone.† (Webster) And although the violence is not real, a child does not know the difference. Throughout theRead MoreViolence on Television Can Have Negative Effects on Children1210 Words   |  5 PagesWatching repeated violence on television desensitizes children to violence, and similarly incorrect portrayals of sex on television may contribute to adolescent sex. Violence, and sex on television negatively impacts todays youth, and adolescents. In fact, a main contributor to these negative effects on children are caused by parents. Some parents pay little to no attention to the ratings of television shows, or movies, or the amount of sex, and/or violence their child sees on television. Studies indicateRead MoreEssay on The Influence of Television on Society1089 Words   |  5 PagesThe Influence of Television on Society In the year of 1926 a man called John Lougie Baird had invented something that has become part of the day-to-day lifestyle of nearly everyone. He had successfully tested it in a laboratory in late 1925 and unveiled with much fanfare in London in early 1926, and later mechanical television was quickly usurped by electronical television. Over the years television has developed greatly, going from black and white to coloured and ranging

Black Hawk Down Analysis Free Essays

In the 1990s, Somalia is undergoing a famine along with a civil war. Many civilians have died as a result of the war, and so the UN has intervened and started a peacekeeping operation there, with a base just outside Mogadishu. Unfortunately, the Somalis, distrusful of the UN, have declared war on everyone involved in the operation. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Hawk Down Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now In response to this, the US army deploys Delta Force to aimed at undermining the power of the president of Somalia. They plan a mission to capture Omar Salad Elmi and Abdi Hassan Awale Qeybdiid, two of the President’s top advisers. The operation is planned out, and everything seems foolproof. Before they leave however, a lieutenant is removed from duty due to a seizure, and so a less experienced soldier must take his place and lead the crew. Delta Force is deployed to capture the two men in Mogadishu, and all goes according to plan. Helicopters are flown in over the city, and they can see tires burning, which is the Somali’s signaling that they were coming. They then convince a taxi driver to show them where the two men will be, and they go in with helicopters and armored vehicles. They successfully capture the two advisers, and wait for the extraction team to come pull them out of the hostile territory. On the way, the extraction team takes heavy fire, and one of the helicopters is hit with an RPG. It goes into a tailspin and hits a rooftop before crashing into a street. Two of the passengers in the helicopter crawl out and away, but the other two have extensive injuries and have to stay in the helicopter. Another helicopter is told to take the place of the one that went down. This helicopter is quickly shot down as well, but lands with less injuries. At this point the armored vehicles are diverted from the path of retrieving the two captured men and told to go to the first crash site, retrieve the soldiers there, and then move to the second crash site and secure it. On the way to the crash site, one of the armored vehicles is hit by an RPG, and men are thrown out of it. The convoy stops and retrieves the wounded, but in the process another soldier is shot. Throughout the mission, the armored convoy is being given directions by a plane overhead. At this point, the confusion is too great and the directions are inaccurate. Roadblocks are being set up by the Somalis, which makes it impossible for the convoys to reach the crash sites. Unbeknownst to the ground forces, the convoys give up trying to reach the crash sites and head back to the UN safe zone, in the stadium. Meanwhile, ground forces are also trying to reach the crash sites. A group of men reach the first crash site, and set up a defensive perimeter around it, with the base inside the house that the helicopter crashed into. They attempt to treat the wounded soldiers, and hold back Somali forces. At the second crash site, two snipers are dropped in by helicopter to try to retrieve the wounded. They find one soldier injured and alive, but as night falls, both of them are killed and the injured soldier is taken captive. Under cover of darkness, the Somalis attack the first crash site, but air support from the military holds them back until help can arrive. A relief convoy arrives and rescues the wounded, but many of the soldiers are forced to run back to the stadium. As they arrive, they are greeted with hundreds of smiling and cheering Somalis. In the end, there were 19 American, and over 1,000 Somali casualties. The injured soldier that was captured at the helicopter crash site was released almost two weeks later. The two snipers that went in to retrieve the injured soldier were awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously. Soon after, the president of Somalia was killed in a battle with a rival group. The following day, the general in control of the operation resigned. In terms of accuracy, most of this movie is biased toward the Americans. In the beginning, there is a scene where the Americans are flying over the UN food supply trucks that were sent in to feed Somalia, and in this scene, Aidid’s men mercilessly gun down civilians in order to take the food trucks. In reality, that event never even happened. Throughout the whole movie, director Ridley Scott added and took away events to delude the viewer into believing that the Somalis were evil people who had no motive, and just wanted to be in control. When this war actually happened, there were two phases of UN involvement. The movie mixes them together in a way that suits its purpose. Phase one was actually a benevolent move by the UN; food trucks were brought in an attempt to feed the starving citizens of Somalia. This lasted for awhile, but not forever. Then came phase two, which was the violent phase. The US Army came in to the city with a, â€Å"military campaign to to install a fresh political system in Somalia. † The Somalians resented this. Another, more blatant inaccuracy was when the movie announced onscreen that â€Å"Aidid’s militia first killed 24 Pakistani soldiers and then began to target US troops.† The opposite of this is actually true. US troops were targeting Aidid before the Pakistanis were killed by a Somali mob. The UN interfered with Aidid’s affairs before the events of the movie even took place. This omission of information is meant to convince the viewers that the attack on the US troops was unprovoked and aggressive, to indicate that the US was in the right and Aidid’s army was in the wrong. Also, the movie makes it seem as though this is the first time US troops had engaged in any kind of action in Mogadishu. In actuality, the Delta Force had flown in over Mogadishu many times before to harrass Aidid and his supporters. US troops â€Å"rotor-washed† houses and people in downtown Mogadishu, meaning they would hover above the town in helicopters and blow down structures with the force of the wind from the rotors. The final and most glaring piece of evidence still remains. Through the entire film, it is not explained why the US troops and Delta Force were met with such violence and antagonism on the streets of Mogadishu. The movie plot and the way the characters are presented leads the viewer to believe that the Somalians are just naturally aggressive and ferocious people. The real reason is that months before, on July 12, 1993, the dominant groups in Mogadishu held a meeting to discuss a peace proposal from a main official at the UN, Jonathan Howe. Many prominent leaders of groups opposed to Aidid were also there. During the meeting, US helicopters attacked the building that the gathering was in, and slaughtered Somali religious leaders and elders. This enraged the Somalis, and so when they met the US troops in the streets of Mogadishu, they took out their full anger and ferocity on them in retaliation for what was done at the meeting. This film is skewed to favor of the US, in order to sway viewers to believe that what the UN did was entirely justifiable, that the Somalis have short fuses and will fight, unprovoked, at the drop of a hat. The viewers of this movie would naturally be led to have a negative attitude toward Somalia, and ultimately in future engagements, be biased towards the US military as heroically on the side of justice. The US military establishment was more than pleased with this depiction of the October 3, 1993 raid on Somalia, in which 18 US soldiers lost their lives and two Black Hawk helicopters were destroyed. As evidence, thousands of videotapes of the film were sent to US military bases abroad and the producer of the movie, Jerry Bruckheimer was widely quoted as telling General John Keane, â€Å"General, we’re going to make a movie that you and your army will be proud of. † After seeing the film, General Keane told reporters â€Å"He did that, and we thank him. † How to cite Black Hawk Down Analysis, Papers

Proctor and getting Mary Essay Example For Students

Proctor and getting Mary Essay The second way the build up of slow tension is shown by the faked attacks. Again Abigail and the girls are they reason for these faked attacks. They pretend that Mary has sent a spirit onto them. By doing this they are trying to turn Mary against Proctor and getting Mary to side with the girls, which they finally do. Straight away Abigail goes a cold wind has come and accuse Mary. This creates tension and pressure on Mary once again. This is ironic because the girls at this point know whats exactly happening. This is evident Mary goes Lord save me! and Danforth replies you send your spirit out?  The attacks show that she was put under a lot of pier pressure to side with the girls and by doing this it lead to Mary changing her decision. The third way slow tension is built up through out the scene is by Proctors confession and the dramatic irony of Elizabeths natural lie. Her husband finds it hard to admit to lechery. His shame of the officials of being blinded by the girls is shown through Proctors voice. But Proctor does a brave thing and because he confesses, because its his wife he really wants to save. He is telling the truth because he has already ruined his good name and has nothing to lose now. This shows us that the lengths these people tried to go to clear their name but didnt succeed. Then Danforth brings his wife n to prove and back up everything he has said. This again may suggest that he doesnt believe everything that Proctor has told the court this is when there is a climax and things get a little out of control. All emotions run wild. Danforth seems to be calling the shots now. In the film we see Elizabeth stuttering and cant get the words out of her mouth. This maybe because she doesnt want to say anything wrong that may harm Proctor. Its all very tense at the moment this is where we will find out what happens and Danforth asks is your husband a lecher? and the tension is broken by Elizabeth replying no sir the people are shocked and astonished and Danforth has her removed from the court. The irony here is that she knew everything about it but yet she said no to save her husbands name and the story now is concluded.  The forth way in which the slow build up of tension throughout the scene emphasises the emotional trauma suffered by the victims of both Salem and McCarthy is by the build up of mass hysteria to a hectic climax at the end of act 3. Mary again is the victim because she told the court the girls were fake. Abigail then pretends that she is talking to a yellow bird.; In coincidence the yellow bird is Mary and has come to attack her. The only way Mary is going to stop Abigail is by siding with her and this exactly what Abigail wants. Then we see the girls mimicking Mary. Im here, Im here! The impression we get is that Mary is now the devil and once again Danforth has sided with the girls by saying Have you compacted with the devil. This shows that Abigail has used her power and got Danforth on her side. All the above shows how much pressure is being put on her and the innocent people. Mary couldnt withstand the pressure being put on her so she decided to go with the girls when she says that Proctor is the devils man. It shows how ones decision can be influence by pressure. .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .postImageUrl , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:hover , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:visited , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:active { border:0!important; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:active , .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3 .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0cfe703d2c517a6a118aa042f685bbe3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Positive atmosphere EssayThe final way in which slow build up of tension throughout the scene emphasises on emotional trauma suffered by the victims of both Salem and McCarthy is by Proctors damning lines at the end of the scene. Proctor is outraged and loses it completely. He says in a damning way I say- I say- God is dead! The people in the courtroom would have been in shock now. Their minds we made up that Proctor was most probably the devil now. But on the other hand Proctor nothing and nothing to lose he had lost everything, his name, his dignity and his wife. So now Proctor is faced with naming names or face being hanged. The dilemma here is that Proctor is now defenceless his only hope was Mary but she had decided to side with the girls and now might as well give up rather then getting other people into trouble. This shows how naming names was so powerful that Proctor could have stopped him from getting himself hanged and got someone else hanged. But he didnt. Having considered the dramatic nature of this scene, I believe it criticises Salems authority and of McCarthy trials. It shows how corrupt the courts were and they simply wanted to send down as many people as they wanted. The innocent characters are being forced and pressurised to name names or else be hanged. The damning lines show how much people would do to jus clear there names but the courts werent prepared to listen. It shows a little rumour has ripped apart society and this will be hard to fix back together. It also shows the emotions and love between the characters and how far they would go to save there loved ones.

Web Advertising Essays - Marketing, Digital Technology,

Web Advertising annon Web advertising, not to mention the Internet itself, finds itself in a stage of relative infancy and therefore provides marketers with novel challenges and situations which need to be dealt with caution . The realm of Web advertising is unchartered terri tory! In terms of South Africa, the country finds itsef somewhat behind technologically. However, this may not prove to be a disadvantage as the uncertain nature of Web advertising may make a policy of 'watching and learning' most viable. What implications will this new technology have for marketing? What is the nature of Web advertising? How can a business use the medium effectively? Where is all this going ? These questions appear to be most pertinent in the process of understanding interact ive marketing on the Internet. The qualified opinion of John Matthee, a Web site designer employed by Adept Internet (an Internet service provider), was sought in accumulation of a large sum of the following data. This seems appropriate as the novelty of Web advertising at this stage h as led to generral lack of academic data in the practicalities of advertising via this medium. 2) THE INTERNET: AN INTRODUCTION 2.1) Original development of the Internet What was originally created by the US military to provide a secure means of communication in case of nuclear war, which has now become known as the Internet, has metamorphosed into the strategic global communications tool of our era. The end of the cold w ar left this massive installed structure - initially dubbed ARPANET- without much of a purpose. Soon universities, major corporations and governments began to piggyback on to the global framework, extending its reach and commercialising it. Known as the N et to aficionados, the Availability of cheap, accessible and easy-to-use Net access points throughout the world has seen the number of global Internet users increase dramatically each month. While the convenience of electronic mail was initial catalyst for Internet growth world wide, it's the emergence of the World Wide Web (WWW) multimedia interface that has captured the attention of prospective users across the globe. The resources available on the WWW are as varied as they are extensive. There hundreds of thousands of sites which can be broadly categorised under topics such as sport, entertainment, finance and many more (Perlman, 1996). 2.2) Development of Internet in South Africa Perlman (1996, p 29) ventured that 'South Africa is major global Internet player. It currently rates in the top 15 in the world terms of Internet growth rates.' Local user numbers are certainly fueled by universities, companies and schools. The genesis of South Africa's rapid Internet growth seems to stem from UniNet, the Internet service offered to the countries major tertiary institutions and steered from Rhod es University. This explains the phenomenon whereby the majority of local Internet entrepreneurs - many of them are under thirty and already multi-millionaires - come from tertiary education backgrounds where they were weaned on readily available Internet access. Popular 'browser' client software for navigating the multimedia WWW includes Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer. On the other end, there exist approximately 30 local companies which call themselves ISP's (Internet Service Providers), which operate in similar fashion to a cellular company such as Vodacom, providing either dial-up connections to the Internet and/or leased line connectivity to companies. This has led to the explosion of a number of related ventures, such as companies who speci alise in producing multimedia web pages (such as Adept Internet), Internet commerce, cable companies and modem suppliers (Perlman, 1996). 2.3) Technological Implications for Marketing Joseph (1996, p. 29) concisely described the situation as such: ' Marketing, like most business disciplines, is undergoing a period of change as a direct result of the information revolution. The rapidly declining costs of and increasing power of information processing technology is altering the in which customers and businesses relate to each other. Marketers, however should be cautious not to attempt a quantum leap from more traditional meth ods as this is sure to bring issues such as lack expertise to the fore which could prove disastrous (Steyn, 1996). Essentially, the point is that as a marketing drive, the additional services supplied by technology provides the marketer with the opportunity to gain an edge in the race to win the consumer. More and more, new technology appears to be focusing on the add ition of value. On an individual level, for example, the marketer may use the technology to make himself more accessible to the consumer thus adding to his service levels. A company may realise added value by investing in expensive multimedia kiosks

Facebook Privacy Whats that

Facebook Privacy Whats that I  cant even see it. In a Facebook chat with a friend of mine, we were discussing his college-aged daughter’s posts to her Facebook profile. I won’t share the details, but let’s say what she was writing could easily prevent her from being hired if a prospective employer were to see it. I commented to my friend that if his daughter ever wanted to look for a job, she had better delete all those postings. â€Å"But her profile is private,† he replied. â€Å"I can’t even see it.† As many people are aware, it has become common practice for hiring companies to view candidates’ LinkedIn and Facebook pages if they are available. This fact causes little concern for most people, since they believe they can keep their profiles, especially on Facebook, private. A private profile is safe from public scrutiny, right? Wrong. According to a Mesh Report article entitled Job Seekers Getting Asked for Facebook Passwords, nothing could be farther from the truth. In actuality, if you are a job seeker you have essentially given up your right to privacy. How employers mess with your privacy First of all, a company might use a third party application such as BeKnown that can often gain access to your profile. You would be surprised how often companies use this tactic. And job seekers might not be aware that when they log in to a company’s website using their Facebook profile, they are likely giving that company full permission to snoop. Additionally, not long ago both private companies and government agencies began requesting Facebook login information from candidates. Receiving quite a bit of pushback, some of these organizations have modified their requirement, now demanding during interviews that candidates log in to their own Facebook accounts in order to reveal what they contain. Other organizations require candidates to â€Å"friend† the hiring manager or other company figurehead so that their profile can be viewed. One job seeker interviewed by Mesh withdrew his application when asked for his login information. But as requests for social media access become more and more common, many candidates feel that they can’t afford to refuse. Privacy rights anyone? One George Washington University law professor says this practice is â€Å"an egregious privacy violation.† I tend to agree, and I am encouraged that Illinois and Maryland have legislation in the works that would make it illegal for public agencies to demand access to candidate’s social media profiles. (Police departments are some of the most active seekers of Facebook login information.) Whether or not this practice is made illegal for public agencies, it seems private companies will be able to invade candidates’ privacy all they want. If you feel strongly enough that this practice violates your rights, and if you can afford to refuse the request, go ahead. But as the practice becomes more widespread, it might become impractical to do so. Interestingly, it is against the terms of service at Facebook to share login information. But according to the Mesh Report, the Department of Justice will not be prosecuting any employers for their practices despite the fact that it is a federal crime to enter a social networking site in violation of the terms of service. What will you do about it? Perhaps the best thing job seekers can do for now is to make sure to rid their profile of any risquà ©, drunken or other unprofessional pictures; keep their posts clean and sane; and refrain from making disparaging online remarks about anyone, especially past employers. It seems the practice of coercing job applicants to reveal their social media profiles, albeit masquerading as encouraging them to â€Å"volunteer† this information, is not going away without a fight. If you are a job seeker, prepare to be asked to share- or if you can afford it, perhaps you can fight back! How do you plan to respond if a prospective employer asks you for access to your social media profiles? I’d love to hear your comments below. Category:Job SearchBy Brenda BernsteinMay 7, 2012

The Code of Justinian (Codex Justinianus)

The Code of Justinian (Codex Justinianus) The Code of Justinian (in Latin, Codex Justinianus) is a substantial collection of laws compiled under the sponsorship of Justinian I, ruler of the Byzantine Empire. Although the laws passed during Justinians reign would be included, the Codex was not a completely new legal code, but an aggregation of existing laws, portions of the historic opinions of great Roman legal experts, and an outline of law in general. Work began on the Code shortly after Justinian took the throne in 527. While much of it was completed by the mid-530s, because the Code included new laws, parts of it were regularly revised to include those new laws, up until 565. There were four books that comprised the Code: Codex Constitutionum, the Digesta, the Institutiones and the Novellae Constitutiones Post Codicem. The Codex Constitutionum The Codex Constitutionum was the first book to be compiled. In the first few months of Justinians reign, he appointed a commission of ten jurists to review all the laws, rulings and decrees issued by the emperors. They reconciled contradictions, weeded out obsolete laws, and adapted archaic laws to their contemporary circumstances. In 529 the results of their efforts were published in 10 volumes and disseminated throughout the empire. All imperial laws not contained in the Codex Constitutionum were repealed. In 534 a revised codex was issued that incorporated the legislation Justinian had passed in the first seven years of his reign. This Codex Repetitae Praelectionis was comprised of 12 volumes. The  Digesta The Digesta (also known as the Pandectae) was begun in 530 under the direction of Tribonian, an esteemed jurist appointed by the emperor. Tribonian created a commission of 16 attorneys who combed through the writings of every recognized legal expert in imperial history. They culled whatever they though was of legal value and selected one extract (and occasionally two) on each legal point. They then combined them into an immense collection of 50 volumes, subdivided into segments according to subject. The resulting work was published in 533. Any juridical statement that wasnt included in the Digesta was not considered binding, and in future it would no longer be a valid basis for legal citation. The  Institutiones When Tribonian (along with his commission) had finished the Digesta, he turned his attention to the Institutiones. Pulled together and published in about a year, the Institutiones was a basic textbook for beginning law students. It was based on earlier texts, including some by the great Roman jurist Gaius, and provided a general outline of legal institutions. The  Novellae Constitutiones Post Codicem After the revised Codex was published in 534, the last publication, the Novellae Constitutiones Post Codicem was issued. Known simply as the Novels in English, this publication was a collection of the new laws the emperor had issued himself. It was reissued regularly until Justinians death. With the exception of the Novels, which were almost all written in Greek, the Code of Justinian was published in Latin. The Novels also had Latin translations for the western provinces of the empire. The Code of Justinian would be highly influential through much of the Middle Ages, not only with the Emperors of Eastern Rome, but with the rest of Europe.   Resources and Further Reading Grapel, William.  The Institutes of Justinian: with the Novel as to Successions. Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2010.Mears, T. Lambert, et al.  Analysis of M. Ortolans Institutes of Justinian, Including the History and Generalization of Roman Law. Lawbook Exchange, 2008.

Supreme Court Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Supreme Court - Assignment Example Relying on the letter of the amendments would therefore be retrogressive and be a threat to justice in the contemporary environment (Exploring Constitutional Conflicts, n.d.). Opinion that the constitution is an outline of regulations from which actual rules should be derived is another justification of the non-originalist perspective to interpretation of the constitution, is valid because of the diverse needs that cannot be outlined and provided for in a legal document, and validates non-originalist theory. Existence of minor variations in phenomena explains this (Schults, 2009). In addition, the legal system allows for independence in judicial decisions if facts of a case justify such independence. Applications of case laws, distinguishing precedents in particular and especially based on difference in facts to a case, explains the need for relativism in interpretation of laws. Based on this acceptable practice in the judicial system, and variation in facts on cases, it becomes a ne cessity for interpretation of the constitution to consider the changes (Antoine, 2008). Interpretation of the second amendment is actually a good example because the current environment, with security personnel, undermines needs for arms as provided for by the amendment. The position for a non-originalist perspective is therefore rational and reliant on contemporary facts. Exploring Constitutional Conflicts. (n.d.). Theories of constitutional interpretation. University of Missouri-Kansas City. Retrieved from:

What Happens in Smart Cars Reflects Shifts That Occur in Global Supply Research Paper

What Happens in Smart Cars Reflects Shifts That Occur in Global Supply Chains - Research Paper Example This research paper will look at the various green strategies and the elements which are causing the strategies to alter as well as how this is affecting the green strategies which are currently within the market. The concept of green strategies is one which has recently emerged in the marketplace, making it an area of question and opportunity.   The research paper will ask:- What are the threats with green strategies?- What are the opportunities developed with green strategies?- How can companies work with green strategies to change the global supply chain?- What are the current developments that are driving forward green strategies?- What are the next steps for green strategies and the global supply chain?These various concepts will identify the problems and opportunities with green strategies as well as ways in which a company can create the right approaches to being a part of the green movement and the supply chain that is continuing to grow in demand from the available resourc es based on green strategies.   Through these different research studies, there will be recommendations about the green strategies and what can be done to sustain and develop the supply chain that is currently being developed.   By doing this, the correct initiatives can be taken to alter and transform the green strategies and expectations that are a part of the supply chain development.  The approach to green strategies is based on finding different environmental management systems that can offer new solutions.   The management systems are developed specifically with the ideology of having sustainable features with the supply chain while continuing to work toward constructive solutions within the environment.   The green strategies are furthered with the adaptation of diverse opportunities which are based on ways to cut back on the resources which are used while becoming more efficient with the supply and demand which is being built.   This is forming the foundation of the strategy for the green strategies while offering different ways of managing the needs that are a part of the systems.   The green strategies are able to adapt organizational components in terms of the types of supplies sent, number of supplies that are given or received at a time, materials used and the management that occurs with the supply and demand which occurs.   Each of these strategies combines with other concepts, such as corporate responsibility and the expectations which are now a part of the global supply chain and being met by various countries.

The use of current cultural ideas and beliefs Essay Example for Free

The use of current cultural ideas and beliefs Essay The media today has learned that the use of current cultural ideas and beliefs is a strong way to get the consumers attention as well as get their point across. Marketing firms, networks, and production companies have learned that if they culturally relate their product or story to the public, then that would attract more viewers and attention, which in return is money for them. There are many different examples of how marketing firms do this, but is there a movie, show, ad, or song that is just for entertainment only. It is very hard to find a part of the media that is Entertainment Only and not trying to portray a part of our cultural beliefs. The media has a way of portraying what they believe is a problem or their side of an issue. This procedure can sometimes cause the wrong impression or idea within a persons mind. This is not just in the news media; this is also in music, movies, or books. There are many different types of media. The media can range from music, movies, television, books, newspapers, etc. The area that I believe shows the least amount of issues is the music industry, and more specifically the country music industry. Cultural imperialism is defined as the cultural aspects of imperialism. Imperialism, here, is referring to the creation and maintenance of unequal relationships between civilizations favoring the more powerful civilization. Many scholars employ the term, especially those in the fields of history, cultural studies, and postcolonial theory. The term is usually used in a pejorative sense, often in conjunction with a call to reject such influence. Cultural imperialism can take various forms, such as an attitude, a formal policy, military action, so long as it reinforces cultural hegemony. The term emerged in the 1960s. and has been a focus of research since at least the 1970s. Terms such as media imperialism, structural imperialism, cultural dependency and domination, cultural synchronization, electronic colonialism, ideological imperialism, and economic imperialism have all been used to describe the same basic notion of cultural imperialism. Definition Various academics give various definitions of the term. American media critic Herbert Schiller wrote: The concept of cultural imperialism today [1975] best describes the sum of the processes by which a society is brought into the modern world system and how its dominating stratum is attracted, pressured, forced, and sometimes bribed into shaping social institutions to correspond to, or even promote, the values and structures of the dominating centre of the system. The public media are the foremost example of operating enterprises that are used in the penetrative process. For penetration on a significant scale the media themselves must be captured by the dominating/penetrating power. This occurs largely through the commercialization of broadcasting. Tom McPhail defined Electronic colonialism as the dependency relationship established by the importation of communication hardware, foreign-produced software, along with engineers, technicians, and related information protocols,that vicariously establish a set of foreign norms, values, and expectations which, in varying degrees, may alter the domestic cultures and socialization processes. Sui-Nam Lee observed that communication imperialism can be defined as the process in which the ownership and control over the hardware and software of mass media as well as other major forms of communication in one country are singly or together subjugated to the domination of another country with deleterious effects on the indigenous values, norms and culture. Ogan saw media imperialism often described as a process whereby the United States and Western Europe produce most of the media products, make the first profits from domestic sales, and then market the products in Third World countries at costs considerably lower than those the countries would have to bear to produce similar products at home. Downing and Sreberny-Mohammadi state: Imperialism is the conquest and control of one country by a more powerful one. Cultural imperialism signifies the dimensions of the process that go beyond economic exploitation or military force. In the history of colonialism, (i. e. , the form of imperialism in which the government of the colony is run directly by foreigners), the educational and media systems of many Third World countries have been set up as replicas of those in Britain, France, or the United States and carry their values. Western advertising has made further in roads, as have architectural and fashion styles. Subtly but powerfully, the message has often been insinuated that Western cultures are superior to the cultures of the Third World. Cultural Imperialism Culture is not static; it grows out of a systematically encouraged reverence for selected customs and habits. Indeed, Webster’s Third New International Dictionary defines culture as the â€Å"total pattern of human behavior and its products embodied in speech, action, and artifacts and dependent upon mans capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations†. There is today a heightened sense of connectedness and familiarity with people, events and cultural ways of living in distant places due to the capabilities brought about by the advancements in information and communication technologies. The television in particular global media, have not only made it possible but also fairly easy the interaction with other cultures through the availability of global communicative networks and social structures. These media organisations not only support but make it possible to bring distant images and content from one part of the globe to another within seconds. These immediate mediated experiences have led to the reduction in distance between individuals, society and nation states in terms of both time and space. Inadvertently, this process plays a significant role in cultural globalization by providing an extensive transnational supply of cultural media products from an international media culture and presents a challenge to existing local and national cultures. The proponents of cultural imperialism and media imperialism have long argued that global media with their continuous supply of western-based cultural content and their extensive structure promote a restructuring of cultural and social communities in developing countries. As such, global media is purported as having a crucial role in cultural globalization with their tendency toward homogenizing communities. Nevertheless, to assume cultural globalization as replacing the local ways of living is to presuppose the lack of resilience and creativity on the part of local cultures and also to overstate the role of the media technologies in shaping societies. It cannot be denied that of late there is an ever-growing increase and tendencies toward the consumption of transnational economic and cultural products. It is inevitable that the future years will see a greater struggle between the tensions toward globalization and the attempts to maintain and consolidate national communities. Media may have either a temporal or spatial bias, either making communication more durable over time or expanding the space across which communication may take place. The scope of such a bias can shape social, political and cultural relations as well as institutions. The development of communication technologies in the past few decades shows a tendency for spatial bias, resulting in greater ease in reaching remote parts of the world and crossing visible and invisible barriers. As a result, new communication technologies have proven effective in closing gaps in communication by ignoring national or communal boundaries as well as social differences. The consequence of adopting a new communication technology often goes beyond its basic function as a communication tool. Quite often, controversy arises over the impact of new technologies, which have been described as tools both to strengthen and weaken democratization, and both to liberalize and control the information flow. Excessive generalizations about the impact of media technologies, such as techno-positivism, techno-neutralism and techno-negativism, often fail to take into account various differences in social environments in which the technologies operate. Comments The issue of cultural imperialism emerged largely from communication studies. However, cultural imperialism has been used as a framework by scholars to explain phenomena in the areas of international relations, anthropology, education, science, history, literature, and sports. Censorship is a growing issue in Malaysia as it attempts to adapt to a modern knowledge-based economy. Malaysia has one of the worlds strictest forms of media censorship, with nearly a hundred movies banned in this decade alone on the pretext of upholding morality. The Internet however remains unfettered in line with upholding civil liberties and maintaining democratic spaces. In 2010, Malaysia was ranked 141st in the Worldwide Press Freedom Index by Reporters Without Borders. It was also given a Partly Free status on the Freedom in the World report by Freedom House in 2008. On the Freedom in the World index, graded on a scale of one to seven, with one being the most free and seven being the least, Malaysia obtained four points for both political rights and civil liberties. Unlicensed use or possession of a printing press is illegal under the Printing Presses and Publications Act of 1984. Journalists are frequently given guidelines by the Prime Ministers Office when reporting sensitive issues, and media self-censorship is encouraged. The Film Censorship Board of Malaysia is the government agency responsible for granting licenses to the films for viewing. Malaysias censorship guidelines started out relatively lax. The guidelines were tightened in 2003 amid rising Islamic conservatism: kissing scenes and cleavages were censored, nudity and sex scenes were cut, and many movies were banned altogether. Censorship guidelines for local movie productions were subsequently eased in March 2010. After the negative reactions towards the censoring of an article concerning the 2011 Bersih 2. 0 rally, in mid-August 2011, Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak stated that media censorship is no longer effective and that the government will review its current censorship laws. In today’s digital society, the increasing use of the internet had penetrated into many aspects of the civil society worldwide. One of the usages that are of concern is the emergence of social media in public discourse. The social media provides citizens with a medium that is relatively easy to access and free from government control. As such it becomes a space for public opinion expression, sharing of information, criticizing the status quo and voicing concerns on matters of personal and public interest. This study is interested in describing the potential role of the social media in breaking the hegemonic dominance of the mass media in Malaysia. Malaysians ability to communicate in real time in a borderless world with the aid of communication technology had redefined space and time where immediacy and transparency in global connections is heightened (Palmer, 2007). Access to information benefits the citizenry, as it would enable them to obtain as much information as possible to make appropriate decisions on matters of importance to them. Access to information also means access to sources in the Internet that may be placed by normal citizens who have their own views on current issues.  Participation here means the rights of citizens to air their views, their grievances and placing their stand on issues. Social media also encourage active discussions of issues. Conclusion The social media in a way functions like that of a normal mass media, containing information that is newsworthy to citizens. It enables the flow of information that is freer, more diversified and more immediate. This is said to be the equilibrium function of social media as it enables active citizens that are denied access of information to set up their own medium such as blogs and thus enabling others to have access to the information contained in them. Access to citizen information is the participative function of the social media. Citizens, through their ability to form information centers, to transmit information, and to share information, will feel a sense of participation in society particularly in the political discourse. If they have an opinion toward a certain issue they would get others to sympathize with them in efforts to win them to their side. It is also a forum for citizens who share the same perspectives to â€Å"gather† and interact without actually meeting face-to-face.

The most significant theme in the novel Lord of the Flies by William Es

The most significant theme in the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding is the degeneration from civility to savagery. Sub themes to this novel would be power and Savagery, Power, and Fear The most significant theme in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† by William Golding is the degeneration from civility to savagery. Sub themes to this novel would be power and the fear of the unknown. In this novel William Golding depicts the importance of having rules and regulations even in secluded islands. Without any order total destruction will occur. The boys’ lack of laws caused abuse of power and fear. Control of inner self, power, and fear are essential for a civilized society. All the boys on the island have degenerated from civility to savagery. â€Å"The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from chin to knee; the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist† pg 200. The boys lost their civilization when they lost order, the conch, on the island. The boys had grown long hair and had painted their face. They were not boys anymore, they became savages....

A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration Essay

A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, written by Mary Rowlandson, is about King Philip’s War. The war started on June 20 in 1675 and was between English colonists and Native Americans. During the war, the Indians attacked English colonists’ territory. They burned the colonists’ houses, killed the resisters and captured some of the colonists. The living of captives was very tough. They had to move from place to place with the Indians. The Indians treated them very badly. If they didn’t listen to the Indians, they would be beaten or even be killed. Besides, the weather was cold and sometimes the food supply was short. As a result, lots of captives died during the captivity. As a victim of the Indian attacks, Mary Rowlandson wrote a vivid description of the eleven weeks and five days she spent living with Native Americans which owns very high value in American Literature. First of all, the work owns high historical value in American Literature. In her description, she vividly shows her experience as a captive which makes people easily understand the situation at this period and the relationship between English colonist and the Indians. In her description, we can find that all the English captives didn’t be ruled by the same Indian master. There were different Indian masters. Each Indian master owned English captives and located in different places. According to the masters, the captives could be transferred from one tribe to another. Also, in the description, sometimes Mary Rowlandson communicated with the Indians. From this point, we can find that some of the Indians could speak English. Besides, in the work, we can also know how English colonists deal with Native Americans. They trade by money, clothes, tobacco, liquors, seed corn hemlock, ground ivy and etc. This point shows that the living of the Indians was tough then. They lacked food and some daily necessaries, so it was effective to trade with them by something they really needed in their lives instead of money. Secondly, this work also shows the high value of Christian point of view. As a Christian, Mary Rowlandson uses lots of quotes and passages from the Bible in the description. No matter how hard the captivity was, she always  showed her piety to God. Instead of blaming the Indians, she used the stories in the Bible to console her sorrow and suffering. The Bible was the center of her life during the captivity. Even though her experience was so painful, she thanked God for everything. In the work, she strongly showed the positive side of Christianity which make readers offer high value to the Christians. A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson is one of the important works in American Literature. It offers readers high values of history and Christian point of view. By reading the story of Mary Rowlandson, we can clearly understand this period of American history. and also realize the virtue of Christianity.

Personality psychology Essay

Major Constructs in Jung’s Theory Libido (the psyche’s source of energy) Persona (the masks we wear in life) Personal Unconscious (much like Freud’s notion of the unconscious) Collective Unconscious (the inherited force behind our existence) Archetypes (forms for expressing portions of the content of the collective unconscious) 8/6/2009 Personality # 1 expresses the personal and the self (note small case â€Å"s† in self) Personality #2 is more in touch with the collective unconscious Examples of archetypes Shadow (the dark side of the conscious ego or persona) Anima (the feminine aspect of the male psyche) Animus (the masculine aspect of the female psyche) The Self (the â€Å"real deal† discussed at near the end of the lecture) Jung’s theory is a theory of oppositional forces Two fundamental â€Å"Attitudes† Extraversion Introversion 8/6/2009 Four Psychic Functions Thinking Feeling Sensation Intuition Psychological Types Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Go to http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgiwin/JTypes1.htm if you are interested in exploring the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. You can take the test, read the result, and Look up what the results mean. No extra credit for doing that. Concepts pertaining to growth and development Equilibrium Free flow of energy across opposites Individuation Becoming familiar with and ability to use and synthesize all functions and other in-born capacities The Self The â€Å"mother† of all archetypes. The goal of personality development is the full realization of Self Mandala Major symbol of Self

Synonyms for Answer

Synonyms for Answer Synonyms for Answer Synonyms for Answer By Mark Nichol Answer is a word of noble pedigree- it dates back nearly a thousand years in its original sense of â€Å"swear against† (from Old English andswaru). However, it’s bland and neutral, and a variety of synonyms with more precise connotations exist. Reply often has a sense of a thorough reaction to a communication, though it can simply refer to an answer in general. Response, on the other hand, has a sense of â€Å"a prompt or spontaneous reply,† though it can also be applied to more extensive communication (sometimes clarified with a modifier in such phrases as â€Å"measured response†). Replication, a formal extension of reply, is usually employed only in legal contexts and is better known as a synonym for duplication. Rejoinder and retort connote some tension in the communication: Rejoinder implies that the original statement was a criticism or an objection, while retort suggests that the reply is (or is perceived as) an attack; to point out the animosity involved, a retort is often described as â€Å"cutting† or â€Å"short.† Return can be used as a synonym for retort. The colloquial term comeback, meanwhile, describes a quick response that attacks the person making the original statement and is meant to diminish or insult him or her. A take, on the other hand, is a subjective but emotionally neutral response to something- generally, a statement of analysis or opinion on an event or an issue. Though colloquial, take is commonly used in writing, followed by the preposition on (as in â€Å"What’s your take on the matter?† or â€Å"Smith offered his take on the incident.†). A rebuttal is not a response per se, but it is an act of disproving by offering an argument or evidence against a statement. Similarly, a refutation is a claim that something said or written is false (the distinction between rebuttal and refutation is that the latter is not necessarily supported by evidence or an effective argument.) An informal abbreviation expressing a request for an answer is RSVP, from the French phrase â€Å"Rà ©pondez sil vous plait.† Though plait means â€Å"please,† many who use the phrase are unaware of the literal translation and redundantly ask respondents to â€Å"Please RSVP†; pointing out this duplication seems to be a lost cause and will probably result in a rejoinder or a retort. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect ObjectsYay, Hooray, Woo-hoo and Other AcclamationsHow Do You Determine Whether to Use Who or Whom?

The 7 Fundamental Gemini Traits, Explained

The 7 Fundamental Gemini Traits, Explained SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Gemini traits are more varied than those of other astrological signs. While most signs have one very prominent trait (for example, Capricorns are notoriously ambitious), Geminis, those born between May 21 and June 21,can be social, talkative, and whimsical, but they can also be indecisive or nosy. Some Geminis love to be the center of attention; others love to gossip. They’re typically passionate yet easy-going beings who are always down for an adventure or intellectual conversation. If you hang out with a Gemini, only one thing’s certain: you’ll never be bored. What Do You Want to Know About Geminis? Gemini Personality Gemini Strengths Gemini Weaknesses Gemini Man Vs. Gemini Woman Personality Gemini in Love Gemini with Family and Friends Gemini in Business Gemini Compatibility Advice for Gemini Advice for Relating to a Gemini Gemini Personality: 7 Key Gemini Traits The Gemini personality is very fun, but, like everysign, Geminis have weaknesses. Their strengths are that they’re adaptable, outgoing, and intelligent- there's never a dull moment with a Gemini. However, their weaknesses are that they'reindecisive, impulsive, unreliable, and nosy- be careful telling a Gemini your deepest darkest secrets. For more details on Gemini traits, check out this definitive guide to the sign. Gemini Strengths 1. Adaptable Geminis are easy-going and adjustable.They’re willing to try anything at least once, so do not play truth or dare with them, you’re going to lose.They’ll be happy to go along with any plan and will likely plan some fun adventures. Your craziest stories will involve your Gemini friends. They’re also very flexible and able to change on a dime.Spoiled plans won’t ruin their day; they’ll just think of something better to do. Make sure to enlist your Gemini friend's help planning parties since they'll often come up with the best ideas. 2. Outgoing Geminis are typically enthusiastic, social beings.They’re the life of the party - talkative, but not annoyingly chatty.They always have something interesting to say.They’re never just having a boring conversation about the weather; they’re usually partaking in deep conversations about life. Geminis make great wingmen or wingwomen because they easily strike up conversations with strangers. Be careful, though, they might outshine you! 3. Intelligent The reason Geminis always have interesting things to say is thatthey’re highly intelligent.They’re inquisitive, so they love to learn.You’ll often find Geminis with a book in their hands. (Definitely ask your Gemini friends forbook recommendations.) They’re also clever and love to partake in witty banter.So think carefully before trying to debate a Gemini; you'll probably lose. Geminis are bookworms. Gemini Weaknesses 4. Indecisive Due to their intelligence, Geminis can be overly analytical which can lead to indecisiveness. Don't ask your Gemini friends to pick a dinner spot or Netflix movie; they'll agonize for hours over what to choose.They can also be anxious or nervous about making decisions, especially big decisions like moving or changing careers.Dating Geminis can be difficult because they struggle with commitment.I’ll explain this more in the Gemini in love section below. 5. Impulsive The flipside of the adaptability of Geminis is that they can be a little impulsive.Because they’re so flexible, they can change their minds in a heartbeat.This traitcan lead them to make reckless decisions and can cause them to do superficial things. Geminis can be tempted to buy an expensive leather jacket for fun when they’re struggling to pay their rent.If you’re a Gemini, be careful when wielding a credit card! Their impulsiveness can also make it hard for them to accomplish their goals.Geminis can lose focus or interest in their tasks and move on to something else. 6. Unreliable Due to their impulsiveness and inability to commit, Geminis can be flighty.If you make plans with a Gemini, beware; they might cancel on you at the last second. They aren’t mean-spirited; they’re just a little irresponsible.Geminis try to avoid responsibility andboring activities at all cost.Don’t count on them to help you pack or help you move, but count them in for a fun night out. 7. Nosy The flipside of Geminis'intelligence and curiosity is that they can be nosy. Theywant to know everything about everyone.It can be excitingwhen theyencourage you to shareyour deepest secrets or when they're giving you the lowdown on everyone else, butbe careful before telling your dirty little secrets to a Gemini- you never know who they might tell them to. Geminis can sometimes act randomly. Gemini Man Vs. Gemini Woman Personality Gemini men and women share the Gemini traitsabove but exhibit them in different ways. Gemini men tend to be very outgoing, almost to a fault. They’re very enthusiastic, which makes them fun to be around, but they also want to be the center of attention, so hanging out with them at parties can get old. If you really want to get to know them, you should spend time with them one on one. Gemini men are also huge flirts, so if you're dating a Gemini man, maybe don't introduce him to your hot friends. Gemini women are very passionate about life but are very hesitant when it comes to love.Due to their intelligence and indecisiveness, Gemini women agonize about the important decisions in their life. If you're dating a Gemini woman, be patient with her; it may take her longer to commit to a serious relationship. However, Gemini women are very witty and outgoing; you’ll always have fun spending time with a Gemini woman. Gemini in Love As I said, Geminis are always down to try anything once, which makes them very adventurous lovers.If you're looking for the perfect fling, pick a Gemini. They’re extremely passionate and fun, which makes them exciting mates. They'll plan romantic getaways and take you on adventures. However, due to their indecisiveness, they can be scared or wary of commitment. If you’re dating a Gemini, be careful; you might get your heart broken. The best thing you can do to keep a Gemini is to communicate.Geminis want honest and open communication in relationships. Don't try to keep any secrets from a Gemini. Geminis typically have a number of different partners before finding the right one to settle down with. Geminis need someone who is a match for their intellect and who is willing to have fun.When Geminis find the right partner, they’re extremely faithful. Gemini With Friends and Family As very social beings, Geminis tend to spend a lot of time with their friends and family. In their friendships, Geminis are looking for good communication. Geminis tend to lose touch with long distance friends if there is a lack of communication. Geminis want to have deep conversations but also wantto gossip with their friends. Geminis also wantto have fun with their friends.Geminis can be flaky, especially if the planned activity is boring, so don't count on them to help you study or do your taxes. They may not be themost reliable friends. However, you’re always going to have a good time when you hang out- Geminis plan the most fun activities.The best nights of your life will be spent with your Gemini friends. Family means a lot to Geminis, but it can sometimes be a burden to them.Family responsibility can get in the way of their desire to be spontaneous. Geminis would much rather go out with their friends than babysit their cousin. Nonethless, Geminis want loyalty and good communication in their relationships with family. Theytend to be best friends with their siblings because loyalty and understanding arepre-built into the sibling dynamic. Gemini in Business Geminis tend to make good artists, writers, and journalists due to their inquisitive nature, adaptability, and outspokenness.Geminis always bring innovative thinking and passion to their work. Geminis love to uncover interesting stories and tellinteresting stories. Some famous Gemini artists include Kanye West and Morgan Freeman. All of the aboveGemini traits also make them great salespeople. Geminis have great communication and are great at witty banter which makes it easy for them to win people over. This also makes Geminis great managers.Their enthusiasm inspires their subordinates, and their intelligence gains the respect of other employees. Due to their impulsiveness, Geminis arenot great at working on long-term projects because they eventually lose interest. Geminis are not very good accountants or bankers.Geminis work best when they’re able to jump from project to project, so they don’t lose interest. Find the person who will love you as much as this polar bear loves the other. Gemini Compatibility: Best Romantic Matches The three best matches for the Gemini characteristics are Libra, Aries, and Aquarius. Libra and Gemini are a perfect match.They’re equals in terms of intelligence and outgoingness, and they share a common interest in art and culture.Both love to have a good time.They’re both adventurous in bed, so the connection will always sizzle.They both have strong communication, so it’ll be a strong relationship. Aries and Gemini make for a match full of excitement since both signs are very outgoing and enthusiastic.An Aries will love a Gemini’s zest for life. They’re bound to have lots of adventures together.An Aries is a natural born leader, which is nicely complemented by a Gemini’s intelligence.They’ll love to learn together. An Aquarius and Gemini will have fun being spontaneous together- they both love surprises.Aquarius and Gemini are both very independent, so they may want time apart from one another. However, both thrive on strong communications which will ensure a good foundation for the relationship.They’ll be friends as well as lovers. Worst Matches for Gemini Romantic Compatibility The three worst Gemini compatibility matches are Pisces, Virgo, and Scorpio. A Pisces is typically very sensitive, so they do not pair well with the unreliability of a Gemini.A Pisces will be hurt when plans get canceled because the adventure-seeking Gemini made better ones.This relationship will be full of deep rooted resentment and has little chance of harmony.A Pisces is simply too emotional for a Gemini. While both Virgos and Geminis are extremely intelligent, they’ll get on each other's nerves.Virgos are meticulous in their study, which will bore a Gemini.Virgos, who love precision, will hate the flexibility and unreliability of a Gemini.They’ll likely drive the Gemini away by over criticizing them. Scorpios as introverts clash with outgoing Geminis.Scorpios, who tend to be intense and serious, will find Geminis to be superficial.The two are essentially opposites, and while opposites can occasionally attract, it’s unlikely for this duo. For more details on your best and worst matches, check outThe Secret Language of Relationships, which includes a detailed breakdown of how you'll relate to any other person in your life, andThe Astrology of You and Me, which offers tips for using star charts to understand improve your relationships. Advice for Gemini If you’re a Gemini, what should you do with all of this information?Well, you should start by thinking about which Gemini traits apply to you specifically;not all of the above Gemini traits will apply to every Gemini. Figure out your specific strengths and weaknesses. If you're adaptable, use that strength to your advantage. Explore unknown territory in your life trusting that you'll be able to figure out what to do. Fight for a promotion or change career paths: you're flexibleand intelligent, so you'll succeed. Are you outgoing? If so, go out with your friends, and meet new people. You never know what good might come from striking up a conversation with a stranger: you could meet the love of your life or get yourself a job. Are you always told how cleveryou are? If yes, then embrace it: dive into reading more or try to learn a new skill. Make yourself indispensable at work; figure out what needs to be done and how to do it, and then do it. You're smart enough to do anything. Think you might be indecisive? Try to work on your decision-making skills. If you're struggling to make a decision, consider making a quick list of the pros and cons. If the pros outweigh the cons, then do it! If the cons outweigh the pros, you might want to consider another option. Are you a bit impulsive? Find yourself spending too much money?Try to create a spending budget for yourself. Tabulate your total necessary monthly expenses: food, rent, gas, etc. Then, figure out how much beyond that you feel comfortable allocating for fun money (i.e. shopping, going out to eat, etc.). Force yourself to stick to that budget! Do your friends sometimes call you unreliable? Do you cancel plans often or show up late all the time?You tend to be unreliable because you want to find something better to do.Rather than thinking about the reasons a task or activity is boring, try to find the excitement in everything.If you focus on the positives, you’ll be more likely to stay focused and interested. Think you might be nosy? Find yourself stalking people on Facebook all day long? Love gossiping about other people? While you may want to know your friend's secrets, she won't trust you unless you're willing to tell her your own. Be conscious about what questions you ask. Ask yourself would I be comfortable answering this question? If the answer is no, don't ask it! Finally, check out The Little Book ofSelf-Care for Gemini for advice on self-care as a Gemini, so you can keep exploring and learning. Advice for Relating to a Gemini If you’re having trouble connecting to a Gemini (whether in a relationship or at work), you should try to make things more fun or interesting.For example, if you’re dating a Gemini, make dates â€Å"surprises.†Don’t tell your partner what you’re doing or where you’re going.It doesn’t cost you anything but will make the date more exciting for your Gemini lover.If you’re trying to connect to a Gemini at work, try to bond with one over a drink after work.They’re more likely to open up in a fun, social environment than in the sterile office breakroom. Still having trouble connecting to a Gemini? If making things more fun didn't work, try connecting on an intellectual level. Strike up a conversation about a book, article, or movie you liked; Geminis love to have deep discussions. Don't take it personally when a Gemini bails on plans. Remember the Gemini traits: Geminis can be flaky and unreliable. They're not trying to hurt your feelings. If you're dating a Gemini, be extra patient with them when it comes to commitment. Geminis struggle to commit due to their flakiness, but Geminis are extremely loyal when they find the right partner. Remember to always communicate honestly with a Gemini; they're more likely to stick around if you tell them how you're feeling.

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Essay Example The clear-cut linkage between ASD in these instances notwithstanding, the causes of ASD remain unclear in higher than 90% of all instances, but in the current studies, a lot of focus is directed to proving the genetic linkages by identifying the specific genes allied to autism. Meanwhile, in the absence of concrete genetic evidence for autism, documented empirical data concerning autism cases provides a basis for the estimation of recurrence risk, which has been found to be about 5% when only one child in a family is affected but considerably higher than that to about 25% when more than one child is affected. Rate of recurrence risk is also determined by sex of the foetus because a male foetus has been found to be about 3-4 times more likely to develop autism than a female foetus; in this respect, the recurrence risk in accordance to sex is about 2% for a female foetus but close to 8% for a male foetus. In understanding the etiology of ASD, professionals in the field of medicine have proposed several theoretic frameworks; for instance, Gerrad and Rugg 2009 propose the development of a standardized framework for analysing autistic characteristics to facilitate the identification of subgroups and the location of biological markers for genetic variation (Gerrad and Rugg 2009, p.1449). The two also support the neuroconstructivist model that contends that peripheral sensual defects interrupt compilation of complex skills, influence synapto-genesis, synaptic pruning and myelination, and manifests themselves as autistic conducts. Of all the cognitive-developmental disorders, autism is perhaps the most clearly genetically determined and by combining universal rates of autism and sibling recurrence, there emerges a simple genetic model that categorizes... This essay stresses that Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that manifest in infants less than 3 years of age and lasts for a lifetime; autistic children present with impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive patterns of behaviour. Cases of infantile autism are prevalent in the world today with males being overrepresented with a rate of sibling recurrence risk that is nearly 4 to 5 times higher than females in families. The etiological foundation of autism is highly elusive to clinicians in the world, but the genetic explanation prevalent in current research is attributable to the observations that the rate of recurrence of autism in the siblings of autistic individuals is much higher than the rate of recurrence in the general population. This paper makes a conclusion that one of the most influential theoretic models in existence insofar as autism is concerned, the neuroconstructivist model, posits that compilation of complex skills, synapto-genesis, synaptic pruning and myelination are disrupted by peripheral sensory abnormalities. In the educational settings, autistic children mainly struggle with communication and social interaction problems, with difficulties particularly in both verbal and non-verbal communication, in addition to the ability to interact with peers in leisure or play activities. Autistic children present a myriad of challenges to educational settings because unlike neurotypical children, autistic children require special interventions.